Systematic revision of pteris and ecology of ferns in. Elemental allelopathy by an arsenic hyperaccumulating fern, pteris. This study focuses on the fern pteris vittata pteridaceae, which is extraordinary in its ability to tolerate and hyperaccumulate very high levels of arsenic that would kill any other plant or animal outside the pteridaceae. The germination was most effectively induced by red light and somewhat by green and farred, but not at all by blue light. Heavy metals particularly arsenic has been reported to alter the internal structures of plants in various ways due to higher levels of toxicity. Pteris vittata was the first identified hyperaccumulator for arsenic. Pvgapc1, pvoct4, and pvgstf1 are essential for tolerance to arsenic. Pteris vittata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive. Mechanisms of arsenic hyperaccumulation in pteris vittata. May 20, 2019 arsenic is a carcinogenic contaminant of water and food and a growing threat to human health in many regions of the world. Thus the sporangia of pteris form a continuous linear sorus along the margin, hence the individuality of sori is lost.
Four flavonoids compounds were obtained, the structures were identified as kaempferol 1, quercetin 2, kaempferol3odglucopyranoside 3 and. The type specimen was collected in china by pehr osbeck. Pteris vittata and other members of the pteridaceae are able to hyperaccumulate as without showing any symptom 4,5,6,7. Mcgratha, fangjie zhaoa, arothamsted research, harpenden, hertfordshire al5 2jq, uk b school of earth and space sciences, university of science and technology of china, hefei, anhui 230026, china. Germination of the spores, sexual development and gametophytes development were monitored daily using dissecting microscope. In an 18d hydroponic experiment with varying concentrations of arsenate and phosphate, p. Spores of the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern pteris vittata and tetraploid c. Three genes define a bacteriallike arsenic tolerance. Iv france 7 proceedings of the 9th international conference on xray absorption fine structure. The structure of petioles in pteris pteridaceae article.
Download a page pdf from identification and biology of nonnative plants in. Application has vernacular full name chinese brake name id 53116756b32142efb9547695c92f7d36 according to department of conservation ed. Characterizing the functions of these genes reveals that this fern has evolved a bacteriallike mechanism that allows it to sequester this deadly toxin. A novel arsenate reductase from the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern pteris vittata. This plant may be known by one or more common names in. Learn about pteris vittata benzilan benzilan chinese. The impacts of varying concentrations 0 mgkg, 30 mgkg, 90 mgkg and 150 mgkg of arsenic. In contrast, the inhibitory effect of phosphate on shoot as concentration was smaller than what may be expected from a simple dilution effect. Pdf impact of arsenic stress on leaflets and stipes frond.
However, little is known about its response to cocontamination with arsenic and copper cu. Pdf abstract pteris vittata has been reported to be a. In this study, we used an in vitro model system of p. This plant remains about 18 inches in height and grows with unusual oval or lanceolate divided leaves that are a light green with a striking variegation in white down the middle. The arsenic hyperaccumulating pteris vittata expresses two. Pdf gametophyte morphology and sexual development in pteris. Pdf assessment of bioaccumulation of heavy metal by pteris. In this study, we focused on polyploidy displayed by a specific fern taxon, the genus pteris l. Pdf pteris vittata, formerly doubtfully indicated for dalmatia, is recorded for montenegro based on a hitherto.
We evaluated the mechanisms used by pv to mobilize as and fe by examining the impacts of as and root exudates on feaso4 solubilization, and as and fe uptake in four plants. We report here, to our knowledge, the first instance of stable transformation of fern with recovery of transgenic sporophytes. It has pale green, lacy fronds of up to 2 meters 6. Here, we report the isolation of an arsenate reductase gene pvacr2 from gametophytes that can suppress the arsenate sensitivity and arsenic hyperaccumulation phenotypes. Pteris vittata, also known as chinese brake or ladder fern, is native to china.
Data source and references for pteris vittata ladder brake from the usda plants database. Data source and references for pteris vittata ladder brake. The mechanisms of arsenic as hyperaccumulation in pteris vittata, the first identified as hyperaccumulator, are unknown. Arsenic as hyperaccumulator pteris vittata is efficient in as uptake, translocation and accumulation, but the impacts of soil as concentrations on as accumulation and distribution in p. Morphology and ploidy level determination of pteris vittata callus.
A novel arsenate reductase from the arsenic hyperaccumulating. The largest genus, pteris brakes, consists of about 300 species distributed throughout tropical and warm temperate parts of the world and is known for the large number of hybrids between various species. Arsenic speciation and transport in pteris vittata l. Polyploids are frequently found in pteris tremula, commonly known as australian brake, tender brake, tender brakefern, shaking brake is a fern species of the family pteridaceae native to sheltered areas and forests in eastern australia and new zealand. Evidence for exocellular arsenic in fronds of pteris vittata scientific. Evidence for exocellular arsenic in fronds of pteris vittata.
Morphological and ploidy changes of the arsenic hyperaccumulator, chinese brake fern pteris vittata callus tissue are described here to. Pteris vittata sporophytes hyperaccumulate arsenic to 1% to 2% of their dry weight. However, little is known about their roles in as transformation and as uptake in p. Like the sporophyte, the gametophyte was found to reduce arsenate asv to arsenite asiii and store arsenic as free asiii. It has been praised for its potential to remediate soils contaminated with arsenic. Fifty spores of pteris vittata were sown in four sterile petri dishes containing agar solidified parkers medium and one petri dish containing water which serves as the control. Furthermore, the bioconcentration factor, defined as the ratio of shoot as concentration to soil as concentration, was greater than 10. Pteris vittata is a hyperaccumulator of arsenic, and its sporophyte and gametophyte tissues can. The fern pteris vittata is an arsenic as hyperaccumulator and can take up very high concentrations of arsenic from the soil.
Photomorphogenesis in pteris vittata plant and cell. The functional advantages of arsenic as hyperaccumulation by plants are poorly understood. Arsenic hyperaccumulator pteris vittata pv is efficient in taking up as and nutrients from ascontaminated soils. Deer resistant plants, dry shade plants, groundcovers, medicinal plants, plant delights introductions, plants from china, xeriscaping plants, ferns and allies, cottage garden plants, green roofs, living wall pteris. Data source and references for pteris vittata ladder. How does the fern pteris vittata tolerate and accumulate exceptionally high levels of arsenic. Both mature and seedlings of pteris vittata brake fern, as hyperaccumulator and cynodon dactylon burmuda grass. Elemental allelopathy by an arsenic hyperaccumulating fern. Fifty spores of pteris vittata were sown in four sterile petri dishes containing agar solidified parkers medium and one petri dish containing water which serves as the. Spores of the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern pteris vittata and tetraploid cfern. Pteris vittata a1c202c this amazing fern was collected on our 1996 yunnan, china trip in benzilan english for hotel from hell.
Arsenic induced phytate exudation, and promoted feaso4. With over 150 airports logistics projects spanning across 6 continents and more than 40 countries, pteris global has proven track records to be the leading airport logistics provider in the provision of outstanding airport baggage handling systems bhs for. Pteris vittata new zealand plant conservation network. Concentrations of as in soils range from 200 to 1200 mg kg. Genes involved in arsenic tolerance in pteris vittata were identified by rnaseq.
Pteris vittata, commonly known variously as the chinese brake, chinese ladder brake, or simply ladder brake, is a fern species in the pteridoideae subfamily of the pteridaceae. Stable transformation of ferns using spores as targets. Pvgapc1 has high affinity for arsenate, and pvgstf1 has arsenate reductase activity a new bacteriallike. Two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi differentially modulate protein expression under arsenic. Pteris ensiformis, the slender brake, silver lace fern, sword brake fern, or slender brake fern, is a plant species in the genus pteridoideae subfamily of the pteridaceae. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Jstor is part of ithaka, a notforprofit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. One proposed benefit, termed elemental allelopathy, occurs when hyperaccumulated as is cycled from the plant back into the top layer of soil, allowing as hyperaccumulators to gain an advantage over intolerant species by increasing soil as concentrations as underneath their canopy. What data is provided who is nzor history and future data quality, use, and attribution how can i use nzor contact us glossary.
Four flavonoids compounds were obtained, the structures were identified as kaempferol 1, quercetin 2, kaempferol3odglucopyranoside 3 and rutin. Media in category pteris vittata the following 23 files are in this category, out of 23 total. The highest frequency of polyploidy among plants is considered to occur in the pteridophytes. Spores of the fern pteris vittata did not germinate under total dark conditions, while an exposure of the spores to continuous white light brought about germination. In this paper, hydroponic experiment was employed to study the absorption and oxidation of arsenite by pteris vittata roots segment. Here, we report the isolation of an arsenate reductase gene pvacr2 from gametophytes that can suppress the arsenate sensitivity and arsenic hyperaccumulation phenotypes of yeast. Ferns pteridophyta are very important members of the plant kingdom that lag behind other taxa with regards to our understanding of their genetics, genomics, and molecular biology. Nevertheless at that time the pteris was not known to be so common around. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of arsenic. Some of these ferns are popular in cultivation as houseplants. Naturalized in florida as early as the 1920s small 1938. Isolation and identification of flavonoids components from. The arsenic as hyperaccumulating fern species pteris vittata pv is capable of accumulating large quantities of as in its aboveground tissues.
This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Absorption and oxidation of arsenite by pteris vittata roots and its. There are nearly 300 species of pteris distributed around the world. Even though it has the beneficial quality of being a natural bioaccumulator, it is still considered an invasive plant and should be managed as such. Cultivated as an ornamental and commonly escaped in the southeastern us coastal plain stanford and diggs 1998. Pteris vittata, a model arsenic hyperaccumulator, has great.
Pteris vittata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive plants. Volume 165, issue 18, december 2008, pages 19061916. Learn about pteris vittata benzilan benzilan chinese table. Pteridaceae in montenegro article pdf available in acta botanica croatica 712 october 2012 with 101 reads how we measure reads. Potential use of the pteris vittata arsenic hyperaccumulationregulation network for phytoremediation. Two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi differentially modulate protein expression under arsenic contamination elisa bona. Recently the brake fern pteris vittata was found to be an as hyperaccumulator brooks, 1998 and very effective in remediation of a central florida soil contaminated with chromated copper arsenate ma et al. Coenosori are marginal, borne continuously on a vascular commissure connected with vein ends. This plant remains about 18 inches in height and grows with unusual oval or lanceolate divided leaves that are a light green with. An ecotype of brake fern pteris vittata was assessed for arsenic tolerance and accumulation in its biomass under in vivo and in vitro condition. Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated paddy soils with pteris vittata markedly reduces arsenic uptake by rice wenling yea,b, m. Pityrogramma, or the gold and silverbacked ferns, consists of about 16 tropical species, which are occasionally read more. The mechanism of arsenic as transport in pteris vittata l. Pdf assessment of bioaccumulation of heavy metal by.
Arsenic accumulation and distribution in pteris vittata. It is indigenous to asia, southern europe, tropical africa and australia. These smaller species are often called table ferns. The fern was growing at a central florida site contaminated with large amounts of copper arsenate in the soil. A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the availability of arsenic as to roots in nine soils from five fields in tuscany italy. Arsenate reduces copper phytotoxicity in gametophytes. We investigated the interactions of arsenate and phosphate on the uptake and distribution of as and phosphorus p, and as speciation in p. Ashyperaccumulators pv and pteris multifida pm, nonhyperaccumulator pteris ensiformis pe, and. Media in category pteris vittatathe following 23 files are in this category, out of 23 total. Pdf the structure of petioles in pteris pteridaceae. This is to ascertain the potentiality of these plants ability for phytoremediation of heavy. Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of weeds of the u. Growing on a dry rocky cliff, it was spindly and less than 1 tall, but in our garden the fern has made a stunning deciduous clump 3 tall x 8 wide in 10 years.
Arsenic asresistant bacteria are abundant in the rhizosphere and tissues of ashyperaccumulator pteris vittata. Pteris vittata benzilan aka benzilan chinese table fern. Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated paddy soils with. Pteris tremula, commonly known as australian brake, tender brake, tender brakefern, shaking brake is a fern species of the family pteridaceae native to sheltered areas and forests in eastern australia and new zealand. Effects of arsenic on growth and spore viability of pteris. Interactions of mycorrhizal fungi with pteris vittata as. Pdf impact of arsenic stress on leaflets and stipes. In order to investigate the flavonoids components of p. Arsenate reduces copper phytotoxicity in gametophytes of. If you previously purchased this article, log in to readcube.
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